Abstract

Malformation, morphological and vertebral, Cirrhinus mrigala ,multiple factors

Aggarwal, N.K and Mahajan, C.L.1980 Nutritional deficiency disease in Indian carp    Cirrhinusmrigala (Ham.) due to avitominosis during early growth. J. Fish     Disease, 32; 231-248.

Al Harbi2001 Skeletal deformities in cultured common carp, Cyprinuscarpio L. Asian Fish Science. 14, 247-254.

Al Mamry, J.M. ,Jawad, L.A.  and  AlHabsi, S. H. 2010 First record of dorsal and anal fin deformities in silver pomfrets,  Pampusargenteus (Stromateidaeactinopterygii). Anales de.Biologia, 32, 73-77.

Amitabh, H. and Firoz, A.M.2010 A wild specimen of Indian carp Cirrhinusmrigala (Ham.) with multiple vertebral deformities .World J. Zool., 5(8): 167-177.

A.P.H.A 1998 Standard  methods for   examination of water and waste water. 20^th Ed. American Public Health Association,New York.

Aulstad , D. and Kittlesen, A.1971 Abnormal body curvatures of rainbow trout (Salmogairdneri) inbred fry. J. Fish Res. Board Can., 28,1918-1920.

Boglione,C., Gagliardi, F. ,  Scardi, M. and  Cataudella, S. 2001 Skeletal descriptors and quality assessment in larvae and post larvae of wild caught and hatchery reared gilthead Sea bream (Sporusaurata,L.1758). Aquaculture, 192, 1-22.

Baumann, P.C., Mac, M.J , Smith, S.B.  andHarsshbarger, H.C. 1991 Tumors and other deformities in some fish species found in Great lakes. Canadian Journal of  Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 48, 1804-1810 .

Cahu, C., Zambonino-Infante, J. and Takeuchi, T. 2003 Nutritional components affecting skeletal development in fish larvae.Aquaculture,  227:254-258.

Cheng, S.H., Kong , W. , Wing, A. &Shiu, R. 2000 Six different types of deformities in zebra fish embryo’s due to cadmium .  www.biology.usgs.gov .

Dabrowski, K.,Hinterleither,S.,Sturmbauer,C.,ElFicky, N, and Wieser, W.1988 Do carp larvae require Vitamin C? Aquaculture.72: 295-306

Daisei,A.,  Nakajimar, M. and Fujio, Y. 1995Strain difference of vertebral abnormalities in Poeciliasreticulate. Fac. Agri. Tohoku  J. Agric. Res., 46 (1-2) : 29-34.

Dutta, S.P.S 2016Some deformed specimens of Mystusbleekeri (Day) and Labeobata(Ham. Buch.)from river Chenab in Pargwal wetland, Akhnoor,Jammu. Journal of applied and natural science,8(1):481-484.

Dutta, S.P.S, Slathia, D. and Katoch, V.2013 Morphological and skeletal deformities in Labeorohita(Ham.Buch.) from fresh water fish ponds of Punjab. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences.3(1) :45-62.

Dutta, S.P.S, Slathia, D. ,Chander, G. and Kumar, H. 2011 Anomalies in Cirrhinusmrigala, a commercially important food fish, from Gurdaspur district of Punjab. The Bioscan, 6(3): 405-411.

Dutta, S.P.S2012 Deformities in Schizothoraicthysesosinus , Tor tor, Tor putitora and Labeodero inhabiting the torrential river Chenab. Project report submitted to U.G.C,New Delhi.

Dutta, S.P.S., Bali, J.P.S. ,Gupta, S.C.  and Gupta, N.2006 Deformities in adults of    some          commercially important food fishes inhabiting fresh water ponds of J&K state. 21st National       symposium of Indian society of life sciences and environmental conservation in welfare of human           society,3-5 Feb,2006,Kurukshetra Univ., Abstracts (55)

Dutta, S.P.S. and Gupta ,N. 2010 Morphological and skeletal deformities in some specimens of mrigal, Cirrhinusmrigala (Ham.Buch.) a commercially important food fish , from Gurdaspur district, Punjab. J. Aqua. Biol., 25(2): 163-172.

Dutta, S.P.S. and Kour, H. 2005 Icthyofauna of Jammu District of Jammu region J and k state, India. . Fisheries and aquaculture in Indus river region.Edited by M.P.SinghKohli: 87-99.

Dutta,S.P.S.,Gandhi.,R.K.,Salatha.,D. and Wani,N.M.A.2015Some anomalous specimens of exotic carps from freshwater fosh ponds of Jammu and Kathua districts, Jammu region,J&K, India. Proc. Zool. Soc. India.14(2) : 89-98.

Evans, M.L. and Neff, B.D. 2009 Non additive genetic effects contribute to larval spinal deformity in two populations  of Chinook salmon (Oncorynchustshawytscha).Aquaculture 296:169-173.

Gupta,N., Nissar, K.  andDutta, S.P.S.  2010 Morphological and skeletal deformities in two specimens of Clariasbatrachus(Linnaeus) from fresh water ponds of Punjab,India. J. Aqua. Biol., 25(1) :219-222.

Gupta,S.C.,.Dutta, S.P.S, Sharma, N.&Bala,N. 2002 Morphological deformities in Cirrhinusmrigala(Ham.Buch.) inhabiting lentic environments of Jammu.Aquacult3(2):149-154.

Halver,J.E., Ashley, L.M. and Smith, M.1969Ascorbic acid requirement of coho salmon and Salmogairdnerigairdneri. Trans. Am. Fish.Soc,.98:761-771.

Hubbs1959 .High incidence of Vertebral deformities in two natural populations of fishes inhabiting warm springs. Ecology, 40:154-155

Jawad, L.A., Sadhighzadeh and Vallinassab, T. 2010 Malformation of the caudal fin in the water mullet ,Lizaabu (Actinopterygiimuglidae) collected from Karkhe river , Iran. Anales de Biologia, 32, 11-14.

Johnson, D.W. and Katavic,I. 1984 Mortality growth and swim bladder stress syndrome of sea bass (Dicentrachuslabrax) larvae under varied environmental conditions. Aquaculture. 38, 67-68.

Kirpichkinov,V.S.1971 Genetics of the common carp (Cyprinuscarpio ) and other edible fishes.Rep. FAO/UNDP (TA), (2926) : 186-201.

Lall, S.P. and Lewis Mc-Crea, L.M.2007 Role of nutrients in skeletal metabolism pathology in fish- An Overview. Aquaculture, 267(1-4):3-19

Lee,C.L.,andWilliams, W.D. 1970 Abnormality in fishes due to salinity fluctuations. J.Fish Biol.., 2 ; 55.

Lee. C.S. and Menu. B 1981 Effects of salinity an egg development and hatching in grey mullet, Mugilcephalus L. J. Fil Biol., 19:179-188

Legardere,F., Boulhic, M. and Bueron, T. 1993 Anomalies in cephalic area in laboratory reared larvae and juveniles of Soleasolea. Environ. Fish Biol.,36(1) : 35-46.

Madasen, L. And Dalsgaard, I. 1999 Vertebral column deformities in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchusmykiss). Aquaculture, 131: 41-48.

Martens, L. G., Witten, P.E., Fivelstad,S. ,Huysseune,A.,  Saevareid, B., Vikesa, V. &Obach,A. 2006 Impact of high water carbon dioxide on Atlantic salmon smelts ( Salmosalar L.):Effects on fish performance, vertebrae composition and structure. Aquaculture, 261 (1), 80-88.

Narejo, N.T., Mastoh, A.M., Laghari, M.Y. &Lashari, P.K2007 Incidence of crooked vertebral column in adult Cirrhinusmrigala  (Ham.) from Keenjhar lake (Distt. Thatta) Sindh, Pakistan.Pakistan J. Zool., 39(3), 199-201

OlatunilAkioye, A., Adeyemo, O.K. and Akomolafe, O.T. 2010. Photographic and radiographic study of osteological abnormalities of the head of adult African catfish (Clariasgariepinus).Int. J. Morph., 28(3):719-722.

Piron, R.D1978 Spontaneous skeletal deformities in Zebra Danio (Brachydaniorerio) bred for fish toxicity tests..J. Fish Biol. 13 : 79-83.

Poston ,H.A.1967.Effect of dietary L-ascorbic acid on immature Brook trout.N.Y.St. Conserv. Dep. Fish Res. Bull.30 : 46-51.

Rath,S.C., Gupta, S.D. and Gupta, D.1995 Common embryonic abnormalities of Indian major carps. J.Aquacult. Trop., 10 (3) : 193-199.

Sarkar, H.A.., and Kaushak, N.K.1958Notes on two deformed specimens of Indian carp Cirrhinusmrigala (Ham.). Proc. Zool. Society. 2:39-45.

Singh Kohli, M.P. and Goswami, U.C. 1986-1987 Teratological manifestation in air breathing cat fishes Heteropneustesfossilis.Matsya, 12&13 :188-191.

Stauth,D.2004 Parasites found to cause Williamette fish deformities.davidstauth@oregon    state.edu.

Turner ,J.L and Farley ,T.C.  1971Effect of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen on the survival of striped bass eggs and larvae. California Fish and Game .57 :268-273.

WohlFarth,W.S., and Maov, R.1971Genetic investigation and breeding method of carp in Israel. Rep. FAO/UNDP(TA) (2926) : 160-185.